Propachlor

Propachlor

毒草胺

2-chloro-N-isopropylacetanilide
or
α-chloro-N-isopropylacetanilide

2-chloro-N-(1-methylethyl)-N-phenylacetamide

1918-16-7

C₁₁H₁₄ClNO

Herbicides > Anilide herbicides
Herbicides > Amide herbicides

Herbicide

Molecular weight:211.7; Physical form:Light tan solid. Density:1.134 (25 °C); Composition:Tech. is 96.5% pure. Melting point:77 °C; ( tech., 67-76 °C); Flash point:173.8 °C (open cup ASTM); Vapour pressure:10 mPa (25 °C); Henry constant:3.65 × 10-3 Pa m3 mol-1 ( calc.); Partition coefficient(n-octanol and water):logP = 1.4-2.3.

Oral:Acute oral LD₅₀ for rats 550-1800 mg tech./ kg. Percutaneous:Acute percutaneous LD₅₀ for rabbits >20 000 mg/kg. Slight skin irritation; moderate eye irritation (rabbits). Contact dermal sensitisation observed in guinea pigs. Formulations may produce skin sensitisation in Inhalation: LC₅₀ (4 h) for rats >1.2 mg/l. ADI:0.01 mg/ kg.

Ecotoxicology: 
Algae: EC₅₀ (72 h) for Selenastrum capricornutum 0.015 mg/l.Bees: LC₅₀ (48 h, oral) >197µg/bee; LD₅₀ (48 h, contact) >200µg/bee.Birds:Acute oral LD₅₀ for bobwhite quail 91 mg/kg. Dietary LC₅₀ (8 d) for bobwhite quail and mallard ducks >5620 mg/ kg diet.Daphnia: LC₅₀ (48 h) 7.8 mg/l.Fish: LC₅₀ (96 h) for bluegill sunfish >1.4, rainbow trout 0.17, fathead minnow 0.49 mg/l.Worms: EC₅₀ (14 d) for earthworms 217.9 mg/ kg soil. 

Environmental fate: 
EHC 147 notes that propachlor is rapidly degraded by micro-organisms in soil and water, and concludes that propachlor does not bioconcentrate or biomagnify. High toxicity to some aquatic organisms suggests that direct contamination of wateAnimals:In mammals, following oral administration, excreted in the urine within 72 hours. Metabolised in the liver and possibly in the kidneys. Glutathione conjugation is the main metabolic step (J. E. Bakke et al., Science, 1980, et al., J. Agric. Food Chem., 1986, 34, 721-725). DT₅₀ 4 d (3 soil types). Persists in soil for 4-6 weeks. LPlant:Rapidly metabolised in plants to polar compounds and to the 2-hydroxy analogue; glutathione conjugation is involved (G. L. Lamouren et al., J. Agric. Food Chem., 1971, 19, 346-351). SOIL PARTICLE ADSORPTION: Rapidly degradable; a.i. disappears in 4-6 weeks in light soil HAZARDS: Fish: Toxic. Bee: Nontoxic WATER SOLUBILITY: 580 mg/l at 25° C

Signal Word:DANGER; Hazard Class:Ib(Highly hazardous)