Clodinafop-propargyl

Used for post-emergence control of annual grasses, including Avena, Lolium, Setaria, Phalaris and Alopecurus, in cereals, at 30-60 g/ ha.

Oral:Acute oral LD₅₀ for rats 1829 mg/kg, mice >2000 mg/kg. Percutaneous:Acute percutaneous LD₅₀ for rats >2000 mg/kg. Non-irritating to eyes and skin (rabbits). May cause skin sensitisation (guinea pigs). Inhalation: LC₅₀ (4 h) for rats 2.325 mg/l air. Phytotoxicity:Low toxicity to spring and winter wheat. ADI:( JMPR) 0.01 mg/kg

Ecotoxicology: 
Algae: EC₅₀ (96-120 h) for Scenedesmus subspicatus 25, Microcystis >65.5, Navicula 6.8 mg/l.Bees: LD₅₀ (48 h, oral and contact) >100 μg/bee.Birds: LD₅₀ (8 d) for mallard ducks >2000, bobwhite quail >1455 mg/kg.Daphnia: LC₅₀ (48 h) >74 mg/l.Fish: LC₅₀ (96 h) for rainbow trout 0.39, carp 0.46, catfish 0.43 mg/l.Worms: LC₅₀ for earthworms 210 mg/kg. 
Environmental fate: 
Animals:Hydrolysed to the corresponding acid.Soil:In soil, undergoes rapid degradation to the free acid ( DT₅₀ <2 h) and then further to phenyl and pyridine moieties which are bound to the soil and mineralised. 
WATER SOLUBILITY: 4 mg/l at 25°C.

Fate in :
On an acute basis, clodinafop-propargyl was found to be practically non-toxic to birds, slightly toxic to small mammals and practically non-toxic to honey bees. It is, however, highly toxic to freshwater fish and moderately toxic to freshwater invertebrates. The primary degradate (CGA-193469) is moderately toxic to freshwater invertebrates (EC₅₀ >9.2 mg/L).

Fate in :
Based on the estimated environmental concentrations (EECs) of clodinafop-propargyl and its acid metabolite, the use of Discover is not expected to pose a risk to non-target organisms, with the exception of non-target plants. There is a concern for endangered terrestrial plants inhabiting dry and semi-aquatic areas adjacent to wheat fields when Discover is applied by air.

Fate in soil:
Hydrolysis (half-life):
184 days (pH 5), 2.7 days (pH 7), 2.2 hours (pH 9)
Soil photolysis:
No significant degradation of the parent compound
Soil metabolism:
half-life (parent)= 0.5 to 1.5 days (aerobic)
half-life (CGA-193469)= 33.6 days (aerobic)
Aquatic metabolism:
half-life = 513 days (anaerobic)
Soil mobility:
Parent; mobile in low organic soil, immobile in high organic soil
CGA-193469: highly mobile in low to moderate organic soils (metabolite)

Fate in :
The likelihood of drinking water contamination by the parent compound is low due to high sorption and rapid degradation in the environment. However, the major product (CGA-193469), is persistent and highly mobile in low and moderate organic matter soils and has the potential to contaminate drinking water.