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Chemical Identification
Common Name
Imazapic
中文通用名
甲咪唑烟酸
IUPAC
(±)-2-(4-isopropyl-4-methyl-5-oxo-2-imidazolin-2-yl)-5-methylnicotinic acid
CAS
(±)-2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-5-methyl-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid
CAS No.
104098-48-8
Molecular Formula
C14H17N3O3
Molecular Structure
Category
Activity
Herbicide
Imazapic is a systemic herbicide with contact activity. The product is rainfast within an hour of application. In peanuts, the product can be used prior to planting, pre- and post-emergence of weeds. In turf, imazapic gives weed control and growth suppression. Some transient phytotoxicity is noted soon after application. This is more problematic in dry conditions. Imazapic has residual activity lasting all season in turf.


In field trials, imazapic has given equal or better control than commercial standards, including other imidazolinone herbicides. At the recommended rates, imazapic has proved safe to rotational crops such as maize, sorghum, wheat and rice.

The water-dispersible granule formulation of Plateau is recommended on pasture for use at 0.06-0.18 lb ai/acre (0.07-0.2 Kg ai/ha), or 1-3 water soluble sachets per acre. A single application of 0.047-0.063 lb a.i/A provides weed control superior to that of current standard programs which require multiple applications.

The company recommends that growers should time the application when the most difficult to control weed is two to three inches high. Weed growth varies depending on environmental conditions. Moist soil, warm temperature, high relative humidity, adequate sunlight and actively growing weeds will produce optimal weed control. Imazapic is rainfast within one hour. It is also recommended that a non-ionic or an organo-silicon surfactant be used with imazapic, which would allow better spreading of the herbicide droplet and can result in better leaf penetration. Under adverse environmental conditions petroleum or vegetable-based oil concentrate will also enhance herbicide performance. The product is compatible with all current herbicides and fungicides.
CropUse
CropUses:
peanuts, sugar cane, turf

Peanuts: 50-70 g ai/ha

Turf: 70-210 g ai/ha (dependent on turf grass species and location)

Premix

Suspension concentrate (SC);Water-dispersible granule (WG) ;2AS. 
Premix Parters: acifluorfen; bentazone; dimethenamid; glyphosate; imazethapyr pendimethalin; pendimethalin; trifluralin; 

Physical Properties
Molecular weight:275.3; Physical form:Off-white to tan powder. Melting point:204-206 °C; Vapour pressure:<1 × 10-2 mPa (60 °C); Partition coefficient(n-octanol and water):logP = 0.393 ( pH 4, 5, 6 buffer, 25 °C); pKa: pKa1 2.0, pKa2 3.6, pKa3 11.1; Solubility:In deionised water 2150 ppm (25 °C). In acetone 18.9 mg/ml (25 °C).
Toxicology
Oral:Acute oral LD50 for rats >5000 mg/ kg. Percutaneous:Acute percutaneous LD50 for rabbits >2000 mg/kg. Moderately irritating to eyes; slightly irritating to skin (rabbits). Not a skin sensitiser (guinea pigs). Inhalation: LC50 for rats 4.83 mg/l air.
Environmental Profile
Ecotoxicology: 
Bees: LD50 (contact) >100 μg/bee.Birds:Oral LD50 for mallard ducks and bobwhite quail >2150 mg/kg. LC50 (8 d) for mallard ducks and bobwhite quail >5000 ppm.Daphnia: LC50 (48 h) >100 mg/l.Fish: LC50 (96 h) for channel catfish, rainbow trout and bluegill sunfish >100 mg/l.
Transport Information
Signal Word:CAUTION; Hazard Class:III(Slightly hazardous)

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