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Common NameDimethenamid
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中文通用名二甲吩草胺
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IUPAC(RS)-2-chloro-N-(2,4-dimethyl-3-thienyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)acetamide
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CAS2-chloro-N-(2,4-dimethyl-3-thienyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)acetamide
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CAS No.87674-68-8
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Molecular FormulaC12H18ClNO2S
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Molecular Structure
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Category
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ActivityHerbicide.
Dimethenamid is active following pre- or early post-emergence applications prior to weed emergence. Following application the product diffuses quickly and uniformly through the upper soil layer where it is absorbed through the coleoptiles of the germinating weeds. Activity is not greatly affected by climatic conditions or soil pH. However, some soil moisture is required for activity. Dimethenamid is unusual in not requiring mechanical incorporation for no-till sunflower production. The product has residual activity lasting up to 60 days.
In field trials, dimethenamid gave equal or better control than other chloracetamide herbicides at lower application rates. The product shows good selectivity to maize, soybeans and dry edible beans. Sorghum seed does require treatment with a safener if dimethenamid is applied to the soil. Post-emergence applications and applications pre-emergence to the crop do not affect the yield of grain sorghum if applied to safened sorghum seed.
The report on clean water from the Dutch ministry of agriculture stated that the reduction in the use of dimethenamid-P is central to improving the quality of ground and surface water. -
CropUseCrop uses:
beans, garlic, kabocha, maize, onions, peanuts, peas, potatoes, pumpkins, sorghum, soybeans, turf
750-1,500 g ai/ha
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Premixchlorpyrifos; cypermethrin; deltamethrin; dicofol tetradifon; endosulfan; fenitrothion; fenobucarb; fenvalerate; phenthoate.
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Physical PropertiesMolecular weight:275.8; Physical form:Yellowish-brown, viscous liquid. Clear brown liquid with moderate sweet odor. Density:1.187 (25 °C); Flash point:91 °C (Pensky-Martens closed cup); Vapour pressure:36.7 mPa (25 °C); Henry constant:8.32×10-3 Pa m3 mol-1; Partition coefficient(n-octanol and water):logP = 2.15 .02 (25 °C); Solubility:In water 1.2 g/l ( pH 7, 25 °C). In heptane 282, iso-octane 220 (both in g/ kg, 25 °C). In ether, kerosene, ethanol all >50% (25 °C).; Stability:Stable in storage at 54 °C for 4 weeks, and at 70 °C for 2 weeks. Estimated decomposition at 20 °C within 2 years is <5%. Stable at pH 5-9 (buffered, 25 °C) for 30 d.
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ToxicologyOral:Acute oral
LD50 for rats 1570 mg/kg. Percutaneous:Acute percutaneous LD50 for rats and rabbits >2000 mg/kg. Non-irritating to skin; mild eye irritant (rabbits). Sensitising to skin. Inhalation: LC50 (4 h) for rats >4990 mg/m3 air. ADI:0.01 mg/kg b.w.?
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Environmental Profile
Ecotoxicology:?
Algae:LC50 for Scenedesmus subspicatus 0.062 mg/l.Bees:Contact LD50 >1 mg/bee.Birds:Acute oral LD50 for bobwhite quail 1908 mg/kg b.w. Dietary LC50 for bobwhite quail and mallard ducks >5620 mg/kg b.Daphnia: LC50 16 mg/l.Fish: LC50 (96 h) for bluegill sunfish 6.4, rainbow trout 2.6 mg/l. LC50 for sheepshead minnow 7.2 mg/l.Worms: LC50 459.8 mg/kg dry soil.Other aquatic spp.: LC50 for mysid shrimp (Mysidopsis bahia) 4.8, eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) 5.0 mg/l.Other beneficial spp.:Harmless to Poecilus cupreus and Aleochara bilineata.?
Environmental fate:?
Animals:Extensively broken down by animals; metabolites in rat, goat and hen include glutathione, cysteine and thioglycolic acid.Soil:Rapidly degraded in soil, probably through microbial action, withDT50 8-43 d, depending upon soil type and weather conditions. Photolysis DT50 on soil c. 7.8 d, in water 23-33 d. Plant:Metabolism in maize leads to glutathione, cysteine, thiolactic acid and thioglycolic acid.
WATER SOLUBILITY: Forms emulsion in water.
Rainbow trout [96 hrs]
LC50 >100 mg/litre
Bluegill sunfish [96 hrs]
LC50 >100 mg/litre
Mallard duck [diet]
LC50 >5,620 mg/kg
Other
Does not accumulate in food chain.
Fate in soil:
Degrades rapidly in soil, primarily due to microbial action.
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Transport InformationSignal Word:WARNING; Hazard Class:II (Moderately hazardous).
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