Famoxadone

Ecotoxicology: 
Bobwhite quail [8 d]  LC50 >5,620 mg/kg ；Honeybee [oral]  LD50 >63 μg/bee ；Mallard duck [8 d]  LC50 >5,620 mg/kg；Honeybee [contact]  LD50 >25 μg/bee；Rainbow trout [90 d]  NOEC = 0.0014 mg/L；Daphnia[48 h]  EC50 0.012 mg/L；Green algae [72 h]  EbC50 = 0.022 mg/L；Earthworm  LC50 = 470 mg/kg soil 

Environmental fate: 
Fate in :
Based on data submitted, famoxadone is acutely toxic to both fish and daphnia. Consequently, the EU SCP recommended the implementation of buffer zones to avoid toxicity to aquatic organisms.

Fate in soil:
In laboratory studies carried out using various aerobic soil types at 20°C, the DT₅₀ was found to vary between 2 and 11 days, and the DT₉₀ between 56 and 248 days. In three soils, the major metabolites IN-KZ007 and IN-JS940 were found to have a DT₅₀ of 1.5 to 10.3 days (mean 5.0 days), and 6 to 23 hours (mean 16 hours), respectively, at 20°C. In anaerobic soil at 20°C, the DT₅₀ was 28 days whilst the DT₉₀ was 91 days. Data from field studies was not required.
The K_d/K_oc ratio in three soil types varied from 3300 to 4030 indicating that famoxadone is not very mobile. Column leaching studies were not required. In aged residue leaching studies, <0.1% of radioactivity was found in the leachate. The radioactivity was only detected in the top 0 - 5 cm of soil. Lysimeter/field leaching studies were not required.
Famoxadone has a photolytic half-life of 4.1 days.

Fate in aquatic systems:
The rate of hydrolytic degradation at 20°C is pH-dependent with DT₅₀ of 41 days at pH 5, 2 days at pH 7 and 1.5 hours at pH 9. Famoxadone is degraded photolytically with a half-life of 1.9 days in continuous light at pH 5.
In water/sediment study, the DT₅₀ and DT₉₀ in water are 0.07 - 0.43 hours and 1.6 - 23 hours, respectively, whilst the DT₅₀ and DT₉₀ for the whole system are 0.68 - 0.8 days and 14 - 15 days, respectively.