Apples, pistachios, citrus |
0.069 - 0.175 g ai/ha |
Cereal grains |
0.035 - 0.105 g ai/ha |
Field/row crops |
0.053 - 0.175 g ai/ha |
Turf |
9.76 g - 43.9 ai/m2 |
Ornamentals |
0.05 - 0.19 g ai/L |
Type |
AI concn |
Suspension concentrate (SC) |
48% (w/v) |
Suspension concentrate (SC) |
24% (w/v) |
Suspension concentrate (SC) |
12% (w/v) |
Mallard duck |
Acute oral LD50 > 1333 mg/kg Slightly toxic |
Bobwhite quail |
Acute oral LD50 > 1333 mg/kg Slightly toxic |
Bobwhite quail |
Dietary LC50 > 5156 ppm Practically non-toxic |
Rainbow trout [96 h] |
LC50 30 mg/L Slightly toxic |
Bluegill sunfish [96 h] |
LC50 5.94 mg/L Moderately toxic |
Carp [96 h] |
LC50 5 mg/L |
Daphnia[48 h] |
EC50 14 ppm Slightly toxic |
Sheepshead minnow |
LC50 7.9 mg/L Moderately toxic |
Grass shrimp |
LC50 >9.6 ppm Moderately toxic |
Eastern oyster |
EC50 0.3 ppm Very highly toxic |
Lemna gibba |
EC50 10.6 ppm |
Selenastrum cap. |
EC50 > 105.5 ppm |
Skeletonoma cost. |
EC50 0.23 ppm |
Anabaena f-aquae |
EC50 8.9 ppm |
Non-target terrestrial plant |
EC25 202 g ai/ha |
Bee [contact] |
LD50 0.0025 μg/bee |
Fate in :
The major route of dissipation of spinosad from plant surfaces is photolysis; the resultant residues are then available for metabolism by the plant.
Spinosad is under development in the US as bait for the control of fruit flies on various crops. GF-120 was pending approval in late 2002. The efficacy of GF-120 at various application intervals and its field longevity was evaluated for the control of walnut husk fly under different environmental conditions (ESA 2002).
Fate in soil:
Spinosad adsorbs strongly to soil particles and is therefore unlikely to leach to great depths. It is classified as relatively immobile to immobile (Kads from 5.4 to 323) and Koc ranges from 884 cm3/g in loamy sand to 145,250 cm3/g in silt loam. In field dissipation studies, spinosyn A degrades rapidly with a half-life of 0.3 - 0.5 days and there is no detectable radioactivity below the 18 - 24 inch level in studies in Mississippi and California. Whilst spinosad is metabolised rapidly by soil microorganisms under aerobic conditions, the half-life is much longer under anaerobic conditions:
Aerobic soil metabolism; DT50 = 17.3 days (spinosyn A), 14.5 days (spinosyn D)
Anaerobic flooded soil; DT50 = 161 days (spinosyn A), 250 days (spinosyn D)
The major route of metabolism in aerobic soil is via N-monodemethylation.
Fate in aquatic systems:
Photolysis is the major route of degradation of spinosad in aqueous systems with DT50 = 0.96 day for spinosyn A, and DT50 = 0.84 day (spinosyn D)
The half-lives for hydrolysis are DT50 at pH 7, 25°C >30 days (spinosyn A and D) DT50 at pH 9, 25°C =200 days (spinosyn A) DT50 at pH 9, 25°C = 259days (spinosyn D)
Corteva announces plans to expand its global Spinosyns capacity
Corteva Agriscience advancing its ability to guard integrity of spinosyn insecticides
Canada plans the re-evaluation of insecticide spinosad
Dow launches insecticide Spindle in Brazil
Dow registers insecticide Spindle in Brazil
Dow’s Blackhawk insecticide provides fast and effective control of sorghum pests
Spinosad approved temporarily for use on blackberry and raspberry in Spain
Qilu Pharmaceutical (Inner Mongolia) Co., Ltd.
Country: China
Spinosad Abamectin Emamectin benzoate Abamectin b2a
Country: India
Oxyfluorfen Kasugamycin Carfentrazone-ethyl Bispyribac-sodium Pyrithiobac-sodium Quizalofop-P-ethyl Halosulfuron-methyl Carbendazim+mancozeb Tricyclazole Flusilazole Flusilazole+Carbendazim Iprovalicarb+propineb Propineb Difenoconazole+Propiconazole Isoprothiolane Kasugamycin+copper oxychloride Azoxystrobin+difenoconazole Azoxystrobin+Tebuconazole Propargite Cartap hydrochloride Bifenthrin Carbosulfan Emamectin benzoate Acetamiprid Buprofezin Spinosad Chlorantraniliprole Chlorantraniliprole Spiromesifen Imidacloprid Flubendiamide Cyflumetofen Pyriproxyfen Cartap hydrochloride Pendimethalin Pendimethalin Imazethapyr Clodinafop-propargyl Paraquat dichloride Chlorimuron-ethyl 2,4-D dimethyl amine salt Butachlor Copper oxychloride Carbendazim Copper hydroxide Hexaconazole Kasugamycin Carbendazim+mancozeb Carboxin+thiram Carboxin+thiram Propiconazole Imidacloprid Cartap hydrochloride Cartap hydrochloride Sulfoxaflor Fipronil Lambda-cyhalothrin Lambda-cyhalothrin Quinalphos Phenthoate Chlorpyrifos Dinotefuran Fipronil Fipronil Triazophos Monocrotophos Cypermethrin Cypermethrin Chlorantraniliprole Lambda-cyhalothrin Diafenthiuron Chlorpyrifos+cypermethrin
Shanghai Nicex International Trading Co.,Ltd.
Country: China
Oxadiazon Oxadiargyl Azoxystrobin TC Bentazone 2,4-D TC MCPA TC Nicosulfuron Tribenuron-methyl Bispyribac-sodium
Ningxia Lamtin Agricultural Development Co.Ltd.
Country: China
Oxadiargyl Bentazone Oxadiazon Metamifop Propanil
Shenzhen Baocheng Chemical Industry CO.,LTD.
Country: China
Glyphosate Emamectin benzoate Lambda-cyhalothrin Pyraclostrobin Bromacil Glufosinate-ammonium Tembotrione Prothioconazole Topramezone Chlorantraniliprole