Cotton |
48-100 g ai/ha |
Pome & stone fruits |
90-180 g ai/ha |
Potato |
48-96 g ai/ha |
Tobacco |
48-96 g ai/ha |
Vegetables |
96-180 g ai/ha |
Rainbow trout [96 h] |
LC50 30.5 mg/L |
Bobwhite quail |
LD50 2716 mg/kg |
Green algae [72 h] |
EbC5044.7 mg/L |
Bee [contact] |
LD50 24.2μg/bee |
Mallard duck [5 d] |
LC50 >5000 mg/kg food |
Bee [oral] |
LD50 5.3 μg/bee |
Daphnia magna[48 h, 20C] |
EC50 385.1 mg/L |
Bluegill sunfish [96 h] |
LC50 >16.7 < 28.4 mg/L |
Earthworms [14 d, 20C] |
LC50 105 mg/kg dry weight substrate |
Fate in :
Thiacloprid shows low acute toxicity to birds, moderate toxicity to fish and slight toxicity to earthworms. Freshwater algae and duckweed are not sensitive to thiacloprid or its major metabolites. Bees are not sensitive to thiacloprid in acute oral, contact and semi-field tests. The effect on beneficials is variable, depending on the species.
Fate in soil:
In the laboratory, the DT50for thiacloprid in soil photolysis studies is 74 days.
Thiacloprid degrades rapidly in soil; the aerobic soil metabolism DT50 is 0.4 to 2.6 days and the DT90 is 11.7 – 29 days (laboratory study on four soils). The two major metabolites (an amide and a sulphonic acid) were shown to degrade with DT50 values of 32-142 and 16-79 days, respectively.
Degradation in anaerobic soil (laboratory study) is much slower; the DT50 for thiacloprid is greater than one year (64-74% parent remaining after 360 days with 89% of the residual parent located in the sediment).
Koc values in six soils were 261-870 ml/g indicating medium to low mobility in soil. The Koc of the amide metabolite is 166-438 ml/g (medium mobility) while the sulfonic acid metabolite is classed as very highly mobile with a Koc of 11.9-28.2 ml/g. Field lysimeter studies in sandy loam with a grass cover were conducted over a period of three years. No parent thiacloprid or amide metabolite was detected in the leachates. The sulfonic acid metabolite was detected in the leachates in year two. After three years, no radiolabelled residues were observed below a depth of 40 cm.
In field dissipation studies, the DT50 and DT90 values for thiacloprid applied at 288 g ai/ha to bare soil were 3.4-27 and 31-91 days, respectively. No residues were detected in the 20-30 cm soil layer.
Fate in aquatic systems:
Thiacloprid is stable to hydrolysis at pH 5-9. The aqueous photolysis DT50is 324 days.
Australia approved 13 ais registrations (Special gazette, 9 December 2014)
Quinoxyfen Dimethomorph Trifloxystrobin Isoxaflutole Glufosinate-ammonium Hexazinone Fipronil Clothianidin Thiram Prothioconazole Thiacloprid Chlormequat chloride
Country: China
Propineb Mancozeb Cymoxanil Propineb Fosetyl-aluminium Difenoconazole Azoxystrobin Mesotrione Thiacloprid Chlorothalonil
Shandong Sino-Agri United Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
Country: China
Nitenpyram Pyridaben Imidacloprid Acetamiprid Dicamba Thiacloprid
Hangzhou Ruijiang Crop Science Co., Ltd
Country: China
Glyphosate 2,4-D Paraquat Nicosulfuron Imidacloprid Carbendazim Dicamba+2,4-D Pyraclostrobin Spirodiclofen Seaweed Extract Amino Acid Agriculural Organosilicone Adjuvant
Jiangsu Flag Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd
Country: China
Fluazinam Lufenuron Isoxaflutole Imazamox Fenoxaprop-P-ethyl Cloquintocet-mexyl Carfentrazone-ethyl Imazethapyr Clodinafop-propargyl
Country: China
Clethodim Hexazinone Mesotrione Abamectin Acetamiprid Dimethoate Fipronil Imidacloprid Fosetyl-aluminium 2,4-D